Celestial hemisphere:  Northern  ·  Constellation: Vulpecula (Vul)  ·  Contains:  4 Vul  ·  5 Vul  ·  7 Vul  ·  HD182274  ·  HD182293  ·  HD182335  ·  HD182422  ·  HD182620  ·  HD182761  ·  HD182955  ·  HD182972  ·  HD183014  ·  HD183261  ·  HD183887  ·  HD184108  ·  IC 1299  ·  LBN 130  ·  LDN 730  ·  LDN 732  ·  LDN 735  ·  LDN 738  ·  LDN 739  ·  LDN 740  ·  LDN 741  ·  LDN 748  ·  NGC 6802  ·  PK055+01.1  ·  PK055+02.1  ·  PK055+02.2  ·  PK055+02.3  ·  And 4 more.
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Brocchi's Asterism Cr 399 Coat-hanger, Mau_Bard
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Brocchi's Asterism Cr 399 Coat-hanger

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Brocchi's Asterism Cr 399 Coat-hanger, Mau_Bard
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Brocchi's Asterism Cr 399 Coat-hanger

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Description

Brocchi's Asterism
Also known as Collinder 399, Cr 399 or Al Sufi's Cluster, it is an asterism in Vulpecula, of six stars in a row, plus four others, that have the shape of a coat-hanger. Up to 1997 it was believed to be a true open cluster.
It was first described by the Persian astronomer Al Sufi in his Book of Fixed Stars in year 964.
In the 17th century, it was independently rediscovered by the Italian astronomer G. B. Hodierna.
In the 1920s, Dalmero Francis Brocchi, an amateur astronomer and chart maker for the American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO), created a map of Cr 399 stars for use in calibrating photometers.
In 1931, the Swedish astronomer Per Collinder listed it in his catalogue of open clusters.
The asterism and its immediate surroundings are a useful gauge for determining the faintest stars visible in a small telescope as there are a wide range of stellar magnitudes within the cluster easily viewed in one small patch of the sky.

Here follows a table of the 10 stars commonly seen as members of the Coat-hanger, organized by right ascension. They diverge in distance and proper motion.

HD Name                    AppMag  SpectrType    Distance (ly)
HD 182293                  7.11        K3IVp             353±0.85
HD 182422                  6.39        B9.5V             1124±14.6
HD 182620                  7.16        A2V                584±2
HD 182761                  6.29        A0V                413±2
HD 182762 (4 Vul)     5.16        K0III               255.8±1.3
HD 182919 (5 Vul)     5.60        A0V                235.3±0.8
HD 182955                  5.87        lM0III             577±5.4
HD 182972                  6.63        A1V                793±9
HD 183261                  6.88        B3II                1735±116
HD 183537 (7 Vul)     6.33        B5Vn              910±10


NGC 6802
The "rail" of the coat-hanger leads, east, into a true open star cluster of dozens of much more distant stars, initially thought to be at about 4,580 light years away. However the same authors have refined their view and now added a further 4,420 light years, in a report which invokes Early Gaia Data Release 3, and 6th "internal" Gaia-ESO survey measurements.
NGC 6802 was discovered by the omnipresent William Herschel in 1784.


Sh 2-83
Galactic Coordinates: (55.113°, 2.403°)
This tiny HII region contains the infrared cluster [BDS2003] 13.


The Henry Draper Catalogue (HD) - Women in Astronomy
The Henry Draper Catalogue (HD) is an astronomical star catalogue published between 1918 and 1924, giving spectroscopic classifications for 225,300 stars; it was later expanded by the Henry Draper Extension (HDE), published between 1925 and 1936, which gave classifications for 46,850 more stars, and by the Henry Draper Extension Charts (HDEC), published from 1937 to 1949 in the form of charts, which gave classifications for 86,933 more stars. In all, 359,083 stars were classified as of August 2017.

The HD catalogue is named after Henry Draper, an amateur astronomer, and covers the entire sky almost completely down to an apparent photographic magnitude of about 9; the extensions added fainter stars in certain areas of the sky. The construction of the Henry Draper Catalogue was part of a pioneering effort to classify stellar spectra, and its catalogue numbers are commonly used as a way of identifying stars.

The origin of the Henry Draper Catalogue dates back to the earliest photographic studies of stellar spectra. Henry Draper made the first photograph of a star's spectrum showing distinct spectral lines when he photographed Vega in 1872. He took over a hundred more photographs of stellar spectra before his death in 1882.
In 1885, Edward Pickering began to supervise photographic spectroscopy at Harvard College Observatory, using the objective prism method. In 1886, Draper's widow, Mary Anna Palmer Draper, became interested in Pickering's research and agreed to fund it under the name Henry Draper Memorial. Pickering and his coworkers then began to take an objective-prism survey of the sky and to classify the resulting spectra.

The rest of the history of the HD catalog is quite long and we omit further details here, except that some important female astronomers were part of it: for example Antonia Maury and Annie Jump Cannon.

(Content sources Wikipedia and galaxymap.org)

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